Agronomy One-liner For IBPS AFO Part 1st

RICE + MAIZE Agronomy One-liner For IBPS AFO

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From Hare Rice One-liner For IBPS AFO Starts.

Origin of paddy: southeast Asia/indo Burma.
The botanical name of rice: Oryza sativa
Family of Rice: Gramineae/Poaceae
Chromosome number in rice: 2n=24
Inflorescence of rice: panicle, which has 6 stamens.
Orzya sativa is evolve from oryza nivara (2n=48)
Oryza sativa genome: AA
Rice is considered as Stable food of Asia.
Maximum hybrid rice cultivated in China.
Water requirement in rice for overall growth: 1250 mm.
3,000-5,000 litres litre water requirements to produce 1 kg rice.
Oryza sativa has 3 varietal types:
Indica: grown in India, also called tropical rice
Japonica: grown in Japan, also called subtropical rice
Javanica: grown in Indonesia, wild rice
Lodging does not occur in japonica spp of rice.
Important One-liner For IBPS AFO Rice contains about 70% carbohydrates and 6-7% protein.
Rice protein is called oryzenin.
Protein percentage in rice bran 12-15%
The critical stage for irrigation in rice – Initial tillering, flowering.
Rice field submerged in 5 cm deep water.
Test weight of rice 25 gm and basmati rice 21gm.
The fruit type of Rice is caryopsis.
Lemma & palea is called the hull.
The stem of rice is called a haulm or the culm.
Rice is a self-pollinated crop, C3 and short-day crop.
Climate for rice: hot and humid.
Rice provides about 22 per cent of the world’s supply of calories and 17% of the proteins.
In Kharif, the dry nursery of rice gives higher yields compared to a wet nursery.
Lysine content in rice- 4 %
Seed multiplication ratio: 1:80 (Varieties) 1:100 (Hybrids)
Temperature for rice cultivation-
Minimum/base: 10-12⁰C
Optimum: 30-32⁰C
Maximum: 38-40⁰C
Average temp: 21-37⁰C
Blooming temp: 26.5-29.5⁰C
For ripening: 20-25⁰C
Panicle initiation: 20-22⁰C
clay loam is best for rice cultivation.
Rice grows well in soils having a pH range between 5.5 and 6.5
CRRI: central rice research institute, Cuttack (Orissa) 23 April 1946
IRRI: international rice research institute, los banos, Philippines, 1960
DE husked rice is called as brown rice.
18% silicon is found in hull of rice.
Rice bran oil percentage: 18-20%.
Important One-liner For IBPS AFO Fat percentage in rice: 2-2.5%.
Polishing percentage in rice: 2%
Hulling percentage in rice: 66%
Husk percentage in rice: 33%
Milling percentage in rice: 50-55%
Important One-liner For IBPS AFO Harvesting index of rice: 0.40
The gene responsible for dwartfness In Rice is Dee-Gee-Woo-gene.
IR-8 = dee-gee-woo-gene x peta.
IR-8 was introduced in India in 1966.
TN-1 variety introduced in India by G. V. Ghalam from international rice research institute in 1964.
Jaya = TN-1 X T-141 (miracle rice).
Aroma in rice is due to 2-Acetyl-1 Pyrroline.
IW/CPE for rice crop-1.20
Gap filling is done in paddy field 7-10 days after transplanting.
Seed rate of rice-
In Broadcasting: 100 kg/ha.
In Drilling method: 60 kg/ha.
Dapog method: 1.5-3.0 kg/m2.
SRI / Medagasker method: 6-7 kg/ ha.
Hybrid rice: 15 kg/ha.
Spacing for rice planting-
Transplanting: 20 x 10 cm
Hybrid: 20 x 15 cm
SRI/ medagasker : 8 x 8 inch / 25 x 25 cm
Nursery area for rice planting:
Wet method: 1:10 m2
SRI method: 1: 100 m2
Dapog method: 1:250 m2
Seedlings become ready to transplant:
Kharif: 20-25 days after sowing
Rabi: 30-35 days after sowing
Depog: 12-14 days after sowing
SRI method: 10-12 days after sowing
Important One-liner For IBPS AFO Depog method is a soil-less method which is introduced from Manila Philippines.
SRI method from Madagascar, developed by hennary di leley in 1980, Firstly adopted by TNAU in India.
Hulling: removal of the hull.
Puddling: it is a process of destruction of soil aggregates by mechanical force in soil with excessive moisture content and reduced percolation loss.
Milling: polishing of rice (thus loss of Vit-B)
Parboiling: hydrothermal process (treated by hot water) for conservation of Vit-B12
Bushing: Ploughing on the field after direct sowing for getting suitable no. of plants.
NPK ratio for rice – 120:60:60
Rice uptake nitrogen in both from- ammonia and nitrate.
NH4 released from paddy field.
Respiration in rice plant by aeren chyma cell.
Nitrogen use efficiency in rice 30-40%.
Nitrogen fixation by BGA in rice field 20-25 kg/ha.
Hybrid rice Developed by Y.L. Ping in 1970 at China.
Hybrid rice was introduced in India-1994.
Super rice Developed by G.S. Khush.
Lunishree variety is known as super rice.
Khaira disease in rice is caused by Zn deficiency.
Khaira disease was first reported by Y.L. Nene in 1966 at Pantnagar.
Khaira disease Managed by Znso4 0.5%
Khaira disease is also called iron rust.
Browning in rice is caused by iron toxicity.
Phalguna variety of rice is tolerant to iron toxicity.
White eye disease in rice is caused by iron deficiency.

Agriculture Current Affairs 2021 For Competitive Exams

From Hare Maize One-Liner For IBPS AFO Starts.

Origin of maize: Mexico
The botanical name of maize: Zea Mays
Family of maize: Gramineae/Poaceae
Chromosome number of maizes: 2n=20
Maize is a C4 plant and non-tiller plant.
Maize is a cross-pollinated crop due to protandry.
Protein in maize is called zein(10%)
Oil percentage in maize- 4%.
Germination type of maize– hypogeal type.
Important One-liner For IBPS AFO White bud in maize caused by zinc deficiency.
The male part is known as tessel and female part is known as silk.
Removal of male parts is known as De-tesseling.
Maize is an indicator plant for Zn deficiency.
Maize is the backbone of America.
Bihar is a leading state in rabi maize.
In maize yellow colour due to crypto xanthin.
Maize is known as the queen of cereals.