IBPS AFO Important One Liners

WHEAT + MAIZE + BARLEY IBPS AFO Important One Liners PART 2nd

This is IBPS AFO Important One-Liners in the end of the post you will get the PDF of this post.

Maize is known as queen of cereals.
Opaque-2 gene presents in quality protein maize (QPM) varieties.
Water requirement in maize: 600-800 mm.
Maize is a short-day plant.

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Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) established the first Coordinated Crop Improvement Project on maize (CCIPM) in 1957. In 1963 it was renamed as All Indian Coordinated Maize Improvement Project (AICMIP).
It was further upgraded to Directorate of Maize Research (DMR) in January 1994. On 9th February 2015 DMR was upgraded to ICAR- Indian Institute of Maize Research (ICAR-IIMR) to further consolidate the maize research programme in the country.
The headquarters of ICAR-IIMR was shifted from New Delhi to Ludhiana in 2016.
Seed multiplication ratio of maize: 1:80 (Varieties) 1:100 (Hybrids)
Flint corn (Zea Mays indurata) cultivated in India.
About 95% of production in USA is dent corn (Zea mays indentata).
Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata) is a sweetest among all corn.
Popcorn (Zea mays everta) When heated to 170°C, the grain swell sand burst and turning inside out. At this temperature, the water held in the starch turns to steam and the pressure causes the explosion.
Seed rate for maize IBPS AFO Important One Liners –
Composite variety: 15-20 kg/ha.
Kharif: 15-20 kg/ha.
Baby corn: 25 kg /ha.
Hybrid: 20-25 kg/ha.
Fodder maize: 40-45 kg/ha.
Origin of wheat: southwest Asia
Botanical name of wheat: Triticum astivum ( bread wheat)
Family of wheat: Gramineae/poaceae
Chromosome number of wheats: 2n=42
Basic chromosome number of wheats: 7
Wheat is a C3, self-pollinated, long day plant.
Wheat is Cool and moist weather loving crop.
Ph for wheat cultivation: 6 to 7.5
Wheat is a Staple food of world.
Wheat is known as King of cereals.
Wheat and mustard intercropping ratio 9:1
Harvesting index of wheat: 40-50%
Spacing for wheat sowing: 22.5 x 10 cm
Germination type in wheat: hypogeal.
Fruit type of wheat: caryopsis.
Inflorescence of wheat: head/ear/spike.
Zigzag axis called as Rachis.
Spikelets are composed flower called florats.
Water requirement in wheat: 500- 600mm.
Number of irrigations required in wheat: 6.
IW/CPE ratio of wheat:0.90
wheat storage moisture percentage: 10-12%
Moisture content at harvesting stage in wheat: 25-30%
Shelling percentage of wheat: 60%
Triticale is a manmade cereal which is cross of wheat x rye (by rimpu,swidon,1875).
Gene found in wheat – Rht-1,2.
First variety of triticale is DT-46.
Larma rojo all three rust of wheat resistant variety.
Seed multiplication ratio of wheat: 1:20
Goojo method is used for production of hybrid seed in wheat.
Indian institute of wheat and barley research, Karnal, Haryana (1965*)
Seed rate for wheat sowing-
Dibbling method: 25-30 kg/ha.
Normal sowing: 100 kg/ha.
Late sowing: 125 kg/ha.
Temperature for wheat cultivation IBPS AFO Important One Liners –
Minimum/base: 4⁰C
Optimum: 20-22⁰C
Maximum: 32⁰C
Temperature for vegetative stage is 16-22ºC. Temperature above 22ºC decreases the plant height.
Sowing depth of wheat: 3-4cm
Tall wheat sowing depth: 8-9 cm
Test weight of wheat is 40 gm and phalaris minor 2 gm.
Critical stage for irrigation is CRI after 21 DAS. Discovered by B.L. Bhardwaj.
Objectional weed of wheat: convolvulus arvensis.
Absolute weed of wheat: Chenopodium album (bathua).
Norin- 10 is dwarfing gene in wheat which is discovered by Dr. N.E. Boulaug in 1962.
Phalaris minor is a mimicary weed of wheat. Earlier controlled by isoproturon, now a days it is controlled by solfosulforen.
Common herbicide for wheat is 2, 4-D.
Bio-fertilizer use in wheat: Azotobacter (Non-symbiotically)
Triticum. aestivum (2n=42): Mexican dwarf wheat, 87% area covered by T. aestivum, evolved by Dr. N.E. Borlaug.
It is also called as Bread wheat. Most suited for chapati and bakery. It is cultivated throughout India
T. vulgare (2n=42): tall wheat for rainfed condition, typical wheat for alluvial soil.
T. durum (2n=28): Marconi wheat, best for drought condition, used for suji purpose, covered 12% of total wheat. It is best suited for preparation of noodles, vermicelli, etc.
T. dicocum (2n=28): emmer wheat called as winter / spring wheat, used for uppumav purpose, mainly grown in south india, only 1 % covered of total wheat area.
T. spherococum (2n=14): Indian dwarf wheat
T. monococum (2n=14): Einkon wheat
Seminal roots of wheat: temporary and responsible for nourishment to plant in early stage.
Crown roots of wheat: permanent and appeared after tillering stage(20-22 DAS)
Critical phases of wheat for irrigation are IBPS AFO Important One Liners :
CRI: 20-25 DAS
Second most critical stage: Flowering
Third important stage: jointing and milk stages
Problematic mono-cot weeds of wheat are Phalaris minor – (Canary grass), Avena fatua (Wild oat), Polypogan monspliensis.
Origin of barley: southeast Asia
Botanical name of barley: Hordeum vulgare
Family of barley: gramineae/poaceae
Chromosome number of barley: 2n=14
Barley mostly used in the malt production.
Moisture percentage in malt: <14%
Inflorescence of barley: spike/head/pearl.
Barley seed called: cariyopsis
Pearl barley is used for kidney disorder.
Lugdi is a fermented drink developed by hull less barley grains.
Barley is a Rabi cereal crop.
In barley Protein – 11.5%, carbohydrate – 74%, fat – 1.3%, crude fibre – 3.9%, ash – 1.5%.
Soil requirement Barley is tolerant to salinity and alkalinity, but sensitive to acidity. Drained, fertile deep loam
Soil pH for barley 7-8.
Barley grown in high N soils.
Seed rate of barley IBPS AFO Important One Liners –
Irrigated condition – 75-80 kg/ha.
Rainfed – 100 kg/ha.
Late sowing: 100-120 kg/ha.
Spacing for barley sowing: 22.5×10 cm
Sowing depth of barley: 5 cm
Water requirement for barley is 200-300mm.