Agriculture MCQ For IBPS AFO, NABARD, RRB SO & Other Agri Exam
Important Agriculture MCQ
Q.1) The Coffee Board of the Government of India organized India-Brazil-South Africa Coffee Festival 2021, the theme of the festival for 2021 was____.
[1] The QuiAgriculture MCQntessence of Jungle
[2] refocusing, rebuilding and reigniting the global coffee & hospitality community
[3] Coffee, Country and Collaboration
[4] Express yourself with Coffee
[5] None of the above
[3] Coffee, Country and Collaboration
- The theme of the festival was “Coffee, Country and Collaboration”.
- This included conferences, exhibition and virtual coffee plantation tour.
- The event was a platform to share knowledge, technology and business development.
- Experts from India, Brazil and South Africa participated in the event.
Q.2) Some improved breeds of cattle in India are Karan Swiss and Karan Fries. These breeds are released from
[A] National Dairy Research Institute
[B] National Bureau on Animal Genetic Resources
[C] Project Directorate on Cattle
[D] Indian Veterinary Research Institute
[E] None of the above
[A] National Dairy Research Institute
- Certain improved breeds of cattle have been developed by making a cross between two desired breeds.
- Karan Swiss (cross breed of brown Swiss and Sahiwal), Karan Fries (Crossbreed of Tharparkar and Holstein- Friesian) are developed by NDRI, Karnal.
- The National Dairy Research Institute was established at Bangalore in 1923 as Imperial Institute of Animal Husbandry and Dairying.
In 1936 it was renamed as Imperial Dairy Institute. Aer the independence of India, in 1947 it was renamed to its current name. In 1955 the institute’s headquarters moved to Karnal. The status of deemed to be university was conferred to the institute in 1989.
Q.3) Stenting is a method utilized for quick propagation of _______
[A] Banana
[B] Potato
[C] Rose
[D] Tea
[E] Tobacco
[C] Rose
- STENTING is a method for the quick propagation of roses. Cutting (soft/tender wood) and grafting (Whip/tongue) is performed in one action.
- In Dutch the word “stenting” means “to stem”. It is a combination “stekken” meaning “to strike a cutting” and “enter” meaning “to graft”.
Q.4) Detaching of vegetative part from potato plant prior to its harvest is known as
[A] Suberization
[B] Parboiling
[C] Dehaulming
[D] Bushening
[E] None of the above
[C] Dehaulming
- Dehaulming, in potato production refers to the act of detaching the vegetative part of the potato plant, found above the ground, from the root tubers.
- Dehaulming is one of the pre-harvest practices which are aimed at hardening the skin of the tubers and therefore reduce injuries during post-harvest handling.
Q.5) According to ICMR, recommended per day requirement of milk for a healthy human in India is
[A] 100 ml
[B] 150 ml
[C] 200 ml
[D] 220 ml
[E] 300 ml
[E] 300 ml
Q.6) Rice seeds are broadcast in a ploughed field immediately after the onset of monsoon. After about 30 to 45 days when sufficient water is impounded in the field, the fields are ploughed in the standing crop. This is called
[A] Dapog
[B] Retting
[C] Bushening
[D] Pegging
[E] Drilling
[C] Bushening
- In general, under broadcast Biasi method, rice seeds are broadcast in a ploughed field immediately after the onset of monsoon. After about 30 to 45 days when sufficient water is impounded in the field, the fields are ploughed in the standing crop. This is called Biasi or bushening. Generally followed in Odisha, Bihar, Chattisgarh and few NE states.
Q.7) Which of the following statement is correct
[A] Ginning is the process of removing the seeds and debris from cotton
[B] Nipping is a special cultivation practice of plucking the apical buds of the crop at about 30-40 days after sowing in gram
[C] Blanching is the simple practice of binding large outer leaves together over and around developing cauliflower heads, to prevent them from yellowing
[D] Propping is a practice of supporting plants with heavy bunches in banana
[E] All of the above
[E] All of the above
- Ginning – Ginning is the process of removing the seeds and debris from cotton. The term comes from the cotton gin, invented by Eli Whitney in 1794. In modern ginning, the cotton is first dried to remove moisture, then cleaned to remove any burs, stems, leaves, or other foreign matter.
- Nipping – It is a special cultivation practice of plucking the apical buds of the crop at about 30-40 days after sowing in gram.
- Blanching – Blanching is the simple practice of binding large outer leaves together over and around developing cauliflower heads, to prevent them from yellowing or browning and developing a bitter flavor due to an overabundance of sun exposure
- Propping – Propping is a practice of supporting plants with heavy bunches in banana. At the time of bunch emergence, pseudostem requires support from props. Bamboo or casuarinas poles which have effective life of 3-4 years are commonly used for propping.
Q.8) Which of the following ICAR institute has developed breeding and seed production technology of Grey Mullet (Madavai) under controlled conditions?
[1] Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin
[2] Central Institute Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai
[3] Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubneshwar
[4] Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi
[5] Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore
[2] Central Institute Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai
- Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture (CIBA), Chennai under Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has developed breeding and seed production technology of Grey Mullet (Madavai) under controlled conditions.
- Grey Mullet is a high-valued brackishwater fish and unavailability of sufficient seed was a hindrance for its culture. Massscale seed production benefits fish farmers for commercial farming of Grey Mullet in the coastal area.
Q.9) The ammonia concentration in a poultry house should not exceed
[A] 10 ppm
[B] 50 ppm
[C] 35 ppm
[D] 25 ppm
[E] 100 ppm
[D] 25 ppm
- The ammonia concentration in the poultry houses should not exceed 25ppm. Above 25 ppm the performance of the birds affects adversely.
- NH3 adversely affects the ecosystem, environment, and health of birds and people. Less than 10 ppm is the ideal limit for exposure, but up to 25 ppm is also not harmful. NH3 can be minimized by housing type, aerobic and anaerobic conditions, manure handling practices, liter amendment, and diet manipulation without affecting performance and production.
Q.10) In India, beekeeping was introduced in the year
[A] 1851
[B] 1861
[C] 1882
[D] 1902
[E] 1940
[C] 1882
- Honey bees and their usefulness are known to man from prehistoric times. Mention of bees are found in vedas, Ramayan and Quran.
- The modern bee keeping became possible after the discovery of movable frame hive in 1851 by Rerd. L.L. Langshoth.
- In India beekeeping was introduced in 1882 in Bengal. Rerd. Newton introduced beekeeping to south India in 1911
Q.11) Nobel prize winner for the discovery of method of Bee dance (interpersonal communication) in honey bee is
[A] Aristotle
[B] M S Swaminathan
[C] Karl Von Frish
[D] N E Borloug
[E] Erich Von Tschermark
[C] Karl Von Frish
- The Austrian zoologist Karl von Frisch (1886-1982) is noted for his studies of insect behavior and sensory physiology. His most famous discovery was that honeybees communicate by waggle dancing.
- At the end of the 1920s, Karl von Frisch pointed out that when bees find nectar in a flower, they fly in a special pattern and perform a kind of dance that shows other bees in the vicinity where to find the nectar.
Q.12) What is best suited for semen preservation?
[A] 4.6
[B] 5.5
[C] 6.8
[D] 7.6
[E] 8.0
[C] 6.8
- Optimum sperm survival over a 12-day period occurred in the pH range of 6.4 to 7.0. So, best pH for semen preservation is 6.8.
Q.13) Varroa mite is a serious pest in
[A] Mushroom culture
[B] Sericulture
[C] Apiculture
[D] Lac culture
[E] Arboriculture
[C] Apiculture
The parasitic mite Varroa destructor
- These mites are ectoparasitic and attack both Indian and Italian bees. It feeds on early stage of lava and prepupa.
- The adult mites are broader than long.
- All the above mites can be managed by dusting micronized sulphur on the frames or by burning Folbex strips (Bromopropylate) as a fumigant inside the hive.
- The mites can also be controlled by keeping absorbent cotton soaked in 65 per cent formic acid.
Q.14) Which country is the only producer and has monopoly in production of muga silk?
[A] India
[B] China
[C] Bangladesh
[D] Indonesia
[E] None of the above
[A] India
- Muga silk is only produced in India and specifically in state of Assam.
- This golden yellow colour silk is prerogative of India and the pride of Assam state. It is obtained from semi-domesticated multivoltine silkworm, Antheraea assamensis.
- These silkworms feed on the aromatic leaves of Som and Soalu plants and are reared on trees similar to that of tasar.
- Muga culture is specific to the state of Assam and an integral part of the tradition and culture of that state.
- The muga silk, a high value product is used in products like sarees, mekhalas, chaddars, etc
Q.15) In order to strengthen the research activity on FMD, an integrated “All India Co-ordinated Research Project for FMD virus typing” was initiated in
[A] 1955
[B] 1968
[C] 1971
[D] 1985
[E] 1992
[B] 1968
- In order to strengthen the research activity on FMD, an integrated “All India Co-ordinated Research Project for FMD virus typing” was initiated in 1968 by ICAR with a Central Laboratory at Mukteshwar and three Regional Centres located at Hissar, Hyderabad and Calcutta. Subsequently the scope of this project was expanded in July, 1971 to All India Co-ordinated Research Project for Epidemiological studies on Foot- and-Mouth disease with increased outlay and inputs in terms of laboratory space, experimental animal shed facility, scientific manpower, four additional Regional Centres and Epidemiological Units for extensive FMD surveillance throughout the country.
Q.16) 85% of India’s mushroom production is contributed by a single species. Name of the species is _______
[A] Lentinula spp
[B] Pleurotus spp
[C] Agaricus bisporus
[D] Colcybe indica
[E] None of the above
[C] Agaricus bisporus
- According to NHB, the present production of white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) accounts for 85% of total production of mushroom in the country.
- Large scale white button mushroom production is centred in Europe, North America and S E Asia.
- China is the largest producer of edible mushrooms accounting for over 50 percent of the world’s edible mushroom production.
Q.17) Frog is a component of _______
[A] Indigenous plough
[B] Disc Harrow
[C] Mould Board Plough
[D] Rotavator
[E] None of the above
[C] Mould Board Plough
Components of a MB plough are –
- Mouldboard: It is the curved part which lifts and turns the furrow slice.
- Land side: It is the flat plate which bears against and transmits the rear side lateral thrust of the plough bottom to the furrow wall.
- Frog: It is the part to which other components of the plough bottom are attached.
- Tail piece: It is an adjustable extension, which can be fastened to the rear of a mould board to help in turning a furrow slice.
Q.18) The application rate of a hand operated knapsack sprayer is
[A] 45 to 100 liters /ha
[B] 110 – 135 litres/ha
[C] 70 – 90 litres/ha
[D] 500 litres/ha
[E] 1000 litres/ha
[D] 500 litres/ha
Knapsack sprayer (hand operated)
- This sprayer is suitable for applying chemicals to several field crops.
- It has a flat or bean-shaped tank of 10-15 liters capacity.
- A hydraulic pump fitted inside the tank, a handle to operate the pump, agitator, filter, delivery hose, and spray gun with nozzle and flow control lever.
- The tank is made of either brass or PVC material.
- The pressure developed in these sprayers depends on the pump and varies from 3 to 12 kg/cm2 the application rate is 500 lit/ha. The coverage is 0.5-1.0 ha/day
Q.19) According to a study conducted by the Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology (CIPHET), the overall post-harvest loss of vegetables accounted upto what percent for vegetables?
[1] 19.11%
[2] 17.12%
[3] 15.62%
[4] 12.44%
[5] 10.12%
[4] 12.44%
- According to a study conducted by the Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology (CIPHET), fruits and vegetables grown in the country suffer the most post-harvest losses throughout agricultural operations and storage channels.
- The overall loss for major fruits ranged from 6.7 per cent to 15.88 per cent.
- For vegetables, the losses ranged from 4.58 per cent to 12.44 per cent.
Q.20) Nasal septum in bull calves be punctured for pulling a rope or nose ring at the age of
[A] 6 months
[B] 12 months
[C] 18 months
[D] 24 months
[E] 36 months
[B] 12 months
- Bull rings are usually about 8 to 13 centimeters (3 to 5 inches) in diameter, depending on the size of the bull. Bull rings are commonly made from aluminium, stainless steel or copper, in the form of a pair of hinged semicircles, held closed by a small brass bolt whose head is broken off during installation. If a ring needs to be removed (for example, if the bull has grown out of it), it is cut or unscrewed.
- The ring is normally placed on the bull between 9 and 12 months of age. It is usually done by a veterinarian, who pierces the septum with a scalpel or punch. Self-piercing rings (with sharp ends designed to be pressed through the septum and then pulled together with a screw) have been available for many years; these are also usually installed by a veterinarian rather than the owner.
Q.21) National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE), Hyderabad carried out Impact study on Soil Health Card scheme covering 3184 farmers in 199 villages of 16 states. It was found that overall, paddy farmers reduced use of urea by 9%, DAP/ SSP by 7%, but increased use of Potassium by 20%. This is a healthy sign of moving towards balanced use of fertilizers. It showed a decline in costs per acre by about 4 to 10%. Consider following statements about the Soil Health Card scheme and choose the correct ones?
- Slogan of above discussed scheme is ‘Swasth Dharaa, Khet Bhara’.
- Soil Health Card is a printed report which contains nutrient status of soil with respect to 12 nutrients.
- It provides nutrient status of the soil along with prescription about balanced and integrated use of inorganic and organic fertilizers.
[A] 1 and 2 only
[B] 2 and 3 only
[C] 1 and 3 only
[D] 1, 2 and 3
[E] None of the Above
[B] 2 and 3 only
Q.22) Pasteurization is defined as heating the milk up to specified temperature for a predetermined duration of time for removing bacteria and harmful organism from the milk. High Temperature Short Time (HTST) pasteurization involves heating of milk at _______°C for _______.
[A] 61, 15 seconds
[B] 61, 30 minutes
[C] 71, 15 seconds
[D] 71, 30 minutes
[E] None of the above
[C] 71, 15 seconds
- Pasteurization is defined as heating the milk up to specified temperature for a predetermined duration of time for removing bacteria and harmful organism from the milk. High Temperature Short Time (HTST) pasteurization involves heating of milk at 71°C for 15 seconds.
Q.23) Respiration rate and shelf life of fruits and vegetables are related in the way that respiration rate is ________to shelf life
[A] Directly proportional
[B] Inversely proportional
[C] Not related
[D] Double
[E] None of the above
[B] Inversely proportional
- Higher the respiration rate, shorter is the shelf life for agriculture produce especially fruits and vegetables. So, decreasing O2 and increasing CO2 increases the shelf life of the same.
Q.24) Milk vein in cows contains
[A] Water
[B] Milk
[C] Water and Milk
[D] Blood
[E] Blood and Water
[D] Blood
- Two milk veins carry blood from the udder to the heart together with two veins in the abdominal cavity. Two arteries carry blood to and from the udder. When a cow is lying down, 20% more blood flows through the udder; therefore, it is important that cows are able to lie down for sufficient periods.
Q.25) Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is a simple method by which rainfall is collected to
[A] Recharge local aquifers
[B] Reduce urban flooding
[C] Ensure water availability in water-scarce zones
[D] A and C only
[E] A,B and C all
[E] A,B and C all
- Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is the collection and storage of rain, rather than allowing it to run off. Rainwater is collected from a roof-like surface and redirected to a tank, cistern, deep pit (well, shaft, or borehole), aquifer, or a reservoir with percolation.
- Rainwater harvesting ensures low runoff water which prevent flooding in low lying areas and underground water table get recharged.
Q.26) Price fixing in milk is done on the basis of
[A] Protein content
[B] Lactose content
[C] SNF content
[D] Fat content
[E] All of the above
[D] Fat content
- In the milk industry the price of milk is paid to farmers at collection centres, from where milk is collected for processing units and cooperatives. This price is paid based on the lactometer reading or milk fat testing machines which indirectly provides the consistency and fat content of milk. Low price is paid to milk with low fat content and vice versa.
Q.27) The egg can be candled only are _____ day of incubation.
[A] 3rd
[B] 5th
[C] 7th
[D] 10th
[E] 12th
[C] 7th
- Candling is the process of holding a strong light above or below the egg to observe the embryo. A candling lamp consists of a strong electric bulb covered by a plastic or aluminium container that has a handle and an aperture. The egg is placed against this aperture and illuminated by the light.
- Eggs are normally candled after 7 to 8 days of incubation. The most critical period of incubation during the development of the embryo is the first week so it is best to be patient and only take a look aer the first week. You will see more after a week and can be more certain about the fertility as well.
Q.28) Black smoke from a tractor engine indicates
[A] Presence of water in fuel
[B] Engine oil burning in combustion chamber
[C] Overloaded engine burning too much fuel
[D] Wrong fuel in the engine
[E] None of the above
[C] Overloaded engine burning too much fuel
- Black exhaust smoke simply means that your engine is burning too much fuel. Engines need both fuel to burn and oxygen to burn it with. If there’s too much fuel in the combustion chamber and not enough oxygen to burn it with, it can cause black smoke to come from your exhaust.
- White smoke: If your engine is spewing white smoke, you’re seeing coolant and/or water being vaporized in your combustion chamber.
- Blue-tinted or gray smoke coming from your engine is caused by the burning of engine oil. This could signify that you have too much oil in your engine or that there is oil burning in the combustion chamber due to problems with your valves, piston rings, cylinder walls, or PVC system.
Q.29) Which is the most appropriate storage condition(s) for low infestation of insects
[A] Low oxygen, High Humidity
[B] High oxygen, Low Humidity
[C] Low oxygen, Low Humidity
[D] High oxygen, High Humidity
[E] None of the above
[C] Low oxygen, Low Humidity
- The moisture content of feedstuff is closely related to the relative humidity. A low moisture content coupled with low humidity and low oxygen will provide protection against insect infestation.
Q.30) Crops which are raised for later incorporating their plant residues into the soil for improving soil productivity are known as
[A] Forage crops
[B] Fodder crops
[C] Green manure crops
[D] Sugar crops
[E] Fibre crops
[C] Green manure crops
- Green manure crops are those crops which are used for incorporating their plant tissues into the soil for improving the soil productivity.
- Examples: Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea), Daincha (Sesbania aculeata)
Q.31) Based on ontogeny sugar beet can be classified as a
[A] Annual crop
[B] Biennial crop
[C] Perennial crop
[D] Long day crop
[E] Day neutral crop
[B] Biennial crop
- Based on Ontogeny (lifecycle), there are 3 types of crops. For plants, ontogenetic stages include seeds, seedlings, juveniles, mature and senescent individuals.
- Annual crops – Paddy, Wheat, Maize, Mustard
- Biennial crops – Sugar beet
- Perennial crops – Napier fodder grass, Coconut
Q.32) Which of the following is a shallow rooted crop?
- Wheat
- Barley
- Rye
- Sugar beet
- Alfalfa
[A] 1 and 2 only
[B] 1 only
[C] 1, 2 and 3 only
[D] 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
[E] None of the above
[C] 1, 2 and 3 only
- Shallow rooted crop – Wheat, Barley, Rye
- Intermediate crop – Faba bean and Sugar beet
- Deep rooted crop – Alfalfa
Q.33) When new crop is planted in the residues of the previous crop without any prior soil tillage or seed bed preparation, and it is possible when all the weeds are controlled by the use of herbicides. This type of tillage is generally called as
[A] Minimum tillage
[B] Zero tillage/No tillage
[C] Stubble mulch tillage
[D] Conventional tillage
[E] Rotary tillage
[B] Zero tillage/No tillage
- Minimum tillage – aims at reducing tillage operations to the minimum necessity for ensuring a good seed bed. The concept of minimum tillage was started in USA.
- Zero tillage – new crop is planted in the residues of the previous crop without any prior soil tillage or seed bed preparation
- Stubble mulch tillage – Growing a crop or by crop residues left on the surface during fallow periods is known as stubble mulch tillage
- Rotary tillage – Tillage operations employing rotary action of the special tool to cut, break and mix the soil (primary and secondary tillage operations done at one go is called rotary tillage.
Q.34) Union Minister of State for Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying said that Kisan Credit Card Scheme will be extended to fishermen to provide them loans at low interest rates. Under this scheme, no collateral will be required for loans amounting up to _________.
[A] Rs.1.10 lakh
[B] Rs.1.20 lakh
[C] Rs.1.50 lakh
[D] Rs.1.60 lakh
[E] Rs.1.75 lakh
[D] Rs.1.60 lakh
Key Features of Kisan Credit Card Scheme
- Farmers can take out a loan of up to Rs.3 lakh
- Insurance coverage up to Rs 50,000 in the case of permanent disability or death and Rs 25,000 is given in the case of other risks.
- Credit is available for a period of up to 3 years.
- No collateral will be required for loans amounting up to Rs.1.60 lakh.
- Card valid for 5 years subject to annual review.
- This scheme also provides the facility of ATM enabled RuPay Card, one-time documentation, built-in cost escalation in the limit and any number of drawals within the limit.
- KCC covers post-harvest expenses, produce marketing loan, consumption requirements of farmer household, working capital for maintenance of farm assets and activities allied to agriculture, investment credit requirement for agriculture and allied activities.
Q.35) Which of the following is socio-economic factor of crop production?
[A] Societal inclination to farming
[B] Appropriate choice of crops by farmers
[C] Breeding varieties by human intervention
[D] The economic condition of farmers
[E] All of the above
[E] All of the above
Socio-economic Factors
- Society inclination to farming and members available for cultivation
- Appropriate choice of crops by human beings to satisfy the food and fodder requirement of farm household.
- Breeding varieties by human invention for increased yield or pest & disease resistance
- The economic condition of the farmers greatly decides the input/ resource mobilizing ability (marginal, small, medium, and large farmers)
Q.36) The hardest wheat with rich amber colour and high gluten content is
[A] Durum wheat
[B] Bread wheat
[C] Emmer wheat
[D] Red wheat
[E] None of the above
[A] Durum wheat
- The hardest wheat, Durum has a rich amber color and high gluten content, ideal for pasta, couscous and Mediterranean breads.
Q.37) The IRRI team developed a semi dwarf variety ______in 1962 by using Peta as female parent which was tall and vigorous, and Dee-geo-woo-gen as the male parent which had stiff straw and conferred the genes for semi dwarf nature.
[A] IR 8
[B] Sarbati sonara
[C] Sonalika
[D] Norin 10
[E] IR 36
[A] IR 8
- The IRRI team developed a semi dwarf rice variety IR8 in 1962 by using Peta as female parent which was tall and vigorous, and Dee-geo-woo-gen as the male parent which had stiff straw and conferred the genes for semi dwarf nature. The resulting IR8 had stiff straw, was resistant to lodging and its insensitivity to photoperiod made it a very well adaptable variety. This variety became so popular that it began to be called the “miracle rice”
Q.38) Dr. Norman E. Borlaug who is honoured as the “Father of the Green Revolution” as he spent almost his entire life working to alleviate food scarcity from the world. Borlaug is very well known in developing nations, but he was away from lime light in western circles and for this reason he is also called
[A] The Agrarian of Globe
[B] Harbinger of Green Revolution
[C] The Milkman from Anand
[D] The Forgotten Benefactor of Humanity
[E] Father of World Peace
[D] The Forgotten Benefactor of Humanity
- The credit for success of the Green Revolution goes to Dr. Norman E. Borlaug who is honored as the “Father of the Green Revolution”. Dr. Borlaug spent almost his entire life working to alleviate food scarcity from the world.
- Borlaug is very well known in developing nations, but he was away from lime light in western circles and for this reason he is also called “the forgotten benefactor of humanity”. The world came to know about him in 1970 when he was awarded with a Nobel Peace Prize for his exemplary work.
Q.40) Gibberella fujikuroi is a harmful fungus of rice which causes _______
[A] Rice tungro disease
[B] Bakanae disease
[C] Blast disease
[D] Brown spot of rice
[E] None of the above
[B] Bakanae disease
- The bakanae disease is caused by the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi. Diseased plants are often conspicuous in a field because of their extreme height and pale, spindly appearance.
Q.41) ICPH – 8, UPAS – 120 and ICPL – 87 (Pragati) are varieties of ______ crop recommended for Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh regions
[A] Sorghum
[B] Soybean
[C] Chick pea
[D] Pigeon pea
[E] None of the above
[D] Pigeon pea
- ICPH – 8, UPAS – 120 and ICPL – 87 (Pragati) are varieties of pigeon pea crop recommended for Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh regions.
Q.42) A GI tag is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess origin-based qualities and reputation in the region. Darjeeling tea was the first product that got a GI tag in India in 2004–05. GI tags are issued by the Geographical Indication Registry under the ministry of
[A] Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
[B] Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution
[C] Food Processing Industries
[D] Ministry of Home Affairs
[E] Ministry of Commerce and Industry
[E] Ministry of Commerce and Industry
- The GI tags are given as per the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act,1999. GI tags are issued by the Geographical Indication Registry under the Department of Industry Promotion and Internal Trade, Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
Q.43) The smallest unit of land surface or soil that can be used to study the characteristics of soil profile of a landscape is known as
[A] Photon
[B] Pedon
[C] Edhaphon
[D] Polypedon
[E] None of the above
[B] Pedon
- A Pedon is the smallest volume that can be called ‘a soil’. Pedons are real, natural soil volumes just large enough to show all the soil horizons present and their relationships.
- A Polypedon is therefore, defined as a contiguous similar pedons bounded on all sides by “not soil or by pedons of unlike
characters”. It is a real physical soils body which has a minimum area of more than 1 sq. km and an unspecified maximum area.
Q.44) In terms of improving soil structure, the active and some of the resistant soil organic components, together with microorganisms (especially fungi), are involved in binding soil particles into larger aggregates. Aggregation is important for
[A] Good soil structure
[B] Aeration
[C] Water infiltration
[D] Resistance to erosion and crusting
[E] All of the above
[E] All of the above
- In terms of improving soil structure, the active and some of the resistant soil organic components, together with microorganisms (especially fungi), are involved in binding soil particles into larger aggregates.
- Aggregation is important for good soil structure, aeration, water infiltration and resistance to erosion and crusting. This resistant or stable fraction of soil organic matter contributes mainly to nutrient holding capacity and soil colour. This fraction of organic matter decomposes very slowly. Therefore, it has less influence on soil fertility than the active organic fraction.
Q.45) Soil moisture or water present in spaces between the soil particles is also known as
[A] Rhizic water
[B] Benthic water
[C] Root water
[D] Plant water
[E] Underground water
[A] Rhizic water
Soil water is also called rhizic water. There are three main types of soil water –
- Gravitational water: It is the free water flowing through the different layers of soil under the influence of gravity. It is usually found in the macro-pores and rarely available for the plant.
- Capillary water: The water left behind in the soil pores after the gravitational water is drained out is called capillary water.
- Hygroscopic water: It is tightly held by the soil particles. It is also not available for plants. Soil moisture influences the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the soil.
Q.46) Which of the following is not a fundamental process in formation of soil?
[A] Humification
[B] Eluviation
[C] Illuviation
[D] Podsolization
[E] None of the above
[D] Podsolization
Fundamental soil formation processes include:
- Humification: It is a process of formation of humic substances decomposed from plant remains.
- Eluviation: It is the process of removal of constituents in suspension or solution by the percolating water from upper to lower layers.
- Illuviation: The process of deposition of soil materials in the lower layer.
- Podsolization is a type of eluviation in which humus and sequioxides become mobile, leach out from upper horizons and become deposited in the lower horizons. This process is favoured by cool and wet climate
Q.47) Soil colors are used to infer pedogenic processes in soils. The main pigmenting (coloring) agents in soils are organic matter, iron, and, to a lesser extent, manganese. The most widely used method for determining soil colours is comparison of soil samples with the color chips in_________.
[A] Ishihara color chart
[B] Munsell color chart
[C] Cambridge color chart
[D] Monochromatic color chart
[E] None of the above
[B] Munsell color chart
- Soil colors are used to infer pedogenic processes in soils. The main pigmenting (coloring) agents in soils are organic matter, iron, and, to a lesser extent, manganese. When these agents are not covering the mineral grains, the natural color of the grains is visible. Most mineral grains are naturally gray. The change in soil colour with depth is directly related to a variety of processes that are occurring in the soil.
- The most widely used method for determining soil colors is comparison of soil samples with the color chips in the Munsell soil color charts. In the Munsell color system, color is expressed in terms of hue (basic color, it consists of the rainbow colour), value (lightness or darkness), and chroma (intensity of basic hue or we can call it as the relative purity or strength of the spectral colour)
Q.48) Government has decided to continue the price of FCI rice to _____ for production of ethanol for FY 2021-22.
[A] Rs 4000/quintal
[B] Rs 5000/quintal
[C] Rs 3000/quintal
[D] Rs 1500/quintal
[E] Rs 2000/quintal
[E] Rs 2000/quintal
- For FY 2021-22, Government has decided to continue the price of FCI rice to Rs 2000/quintal for production of ethanol. This will give confidence to industry about the stability in raw material price and its availability.
- Government has fixed price of ethanol from maize as Rs 51.55/litre & rice available with FCI as Rs 56.87/litre for ethanol supply year 2020-21.
Q.50) Which of the following combinations represent Alkali Soils?
[A] pH > 8.5, EC > 4 mmhos/cm, ESP > 15
[B] pH < 8.5, EC < 4 mmhos/cm, ESP < 15
[C] pH > 8.5, EC < 4 mmhos/cm, ESP > 15
[D] pH < 8.5, EC > 4 mmhos/cm, ESP < 15
[E] None of the above
[C] pH > 8.5, EC < 4 mmhos/cm, ESP > 15
- Saline soils – pH < 8.5, EC > 4 mmhos/cm, ESP < 15
- Alkali soils – pH > 8.5, EC < 4 mmhos/cm, ESP > 15
- Saline – Alkali soils – pH = 8.5, EC > 4 mmhos/cm, ESP > 15
Q.51) Which of the following buffalo breed is developed from crossbreeding?
[A] Toda
[B] Surati
[C] Murrah
[D] Mehsana
[E] Nili Ravi
[D] Mehsana
- Mehsana is a dairy breed of buffalo found in Mehsana, Sabarkanda and Banaskanta districts in Gujarat and adjoining Maharashtra state.
- The breed is evolved out of crossbreeding between the Surti and the Murrah.
- Body of Mehsana is longer than Murrah but limbs are lighter.
- The horns are less curved than in Murrah and are irregular.
- Bullocks are good for heavy work.
- The milk yield is 1200-1500 kgs per lactation.
Q.52) When was Operation Flood launched?
[A] 1968-69
[B] 1973-74
[C] 1970-71
[D] 1972-73
[E] 1975-76
[C] 1970-71
- Operation Flood was launched in 1970-71
- It was a project of India’s National Dairy Development Board (NDDB), which was the
- world’s biggest dairy development program.
The objective of programme was
- To create a nationwide milk grid.
- Increase milk production (“a flood of milk”)
- Augment rural incomes
- Reasonable prices for consumers
The result was that India became the largest producer of Milk and Milk Products.
- A National Milk Grid links milk producer throughout India with consumers in over 700 towns and cities, reducing seasonal and regional price variations.
- It also ensures that the producer gets fair market prices in a transparent manner on a regular basis.
Q.53) According to FSSSAI, what is the recommended freezing temperature for fish freezing?
[A] -18°C
[B] -8°C
[C] 8°C
[D] -58°C
[E] 0°C
[A] -18°C
- According to Food Safety Standard Authority of India (FSSAI), the freezing process shall not be regarded as complete unless and until the product temperature has reached -18°C or lower at the thermal Centre after thermal stabilization.
- The product shall be kept deep frozen to maintain the quality during transportation, storage and distribution.
- FSSAI is the sole government body in the country to frame and govern food laws.
- FSSAI headquarter is in New Delhi.
Q.54) In which of the following years, the first agriculture census was launched?
[A] 1958-59
[B] 1962-63
[C] 1967-68
[D] 1970-71
[E] 1974-75
[D] 1970-71
The first agriculture census was launched in 1970-71.
Q.55) According to the World Cooperative Monitor (WCM) report 2021, Which company has ranked ‘Number 1 Cooperative’ among the top 300 cooperatives in the world?
[A] National Agricultural Cooperative Federation Ltd
[B] Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd
[C] Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Ltd
[D] Chambal Fertilisers and Chemicals Ltd
[E] Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Ltd
[E] Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Ltd
- The Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO) has ranked ‘number one Cooperative’ among the top 300 cooperatives in the world in 2021 in the 10th Annual World Cooperative Monitor (WCM) report, withholding its position from 2020 edition.
Q.56) The National Handloom Day is celebrated on 7th August every year and theme of 2021 is _____.
[A] Vocal for Handmade
[B] Hand Loom- An Indian Legacy
[C] Importance of the handloom sector
[D] Weavers’-the honour of nation
[E] None of the above
[B] Hand Loom- An Indian Legacy
- The National Handloom Day is celebrated on 7th August every year and theme of 2021 is ‘Hand Loom- An Indian Legacy’.
Q.57) The World Soil Day is observed annually on the 5th of December since 2014. Which of the following is the theme for World Soil Day 2021?
[A] Be the Solution to Soil Pollution
[B] Stop Soil Erosion, Save our Future
[C] Keep soil alive, protect soil biodiversity
[D] Halt soil salinization, boost soil productivity
[E] Caring for the soils starts from the ground
[D] Halt soil salinization, boost soil productivity
- The World Soil Day is observed annually on the 5th of December since 2014 to focus on the importance of healthy soil and advocating for the sustainable management of soil resources
- Theme for 2021: Halt soil salinization, boost soil productivity.
Q.58) Which country has become the No. 1 food supplier for Arab countries?
[A] Brazil
[B] China
[C] Russia
[D] India
[E] Japan
[D] India
- India surpassed Brazil in food exports to the League of Arab States for the first time in 15 years.
Q.60) As per 20th Livestock Census, what is the total Livestock population of India?
[A] 515 million
[B] 542.72 million
[C] 536.76 million
[D] 472.56 million
[E] 557.34 million
[C] 536.76 million
- The total Livestock population is 536.76 million in the country.
- It shows an increase of 4.8% over the Livestock Census-2012.
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