General Agriculture MCQ For IBPS AFO, NABARD
General Agriculture MCQ
Q.1) The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) was first mentioned during the Budget of________
[A] 2014 – 15
[B] 2015 – 16
[C] 2017 – 18
[D] 2018 – 19
[E] 2019 – 20
Ans: – [E] 2019 – 20
Aim: The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) was first mentioned during the 2019-20 Budget.
• It aims to bring a blue revolution through sustainable and responsible development of the fisheries sector in India.
• It also intends to augment fish production and productivity at an annual growth rate of 9% to achieve a target of 22 million metric tons by 2024-25.
• It also aims to double the incomes of fishers, fish farmers and fish workers by 2024
• Time Period: The Scheme will be implemented during a period of 5 years from the Financial Year (FY) 2020-21 to FY 2024-25.
• North-eastern & Himalayan States: 90% Central share and 10% State share.
• Other States: 60% Central share and 40% State share.
• Union Territories (with legislature and without legislature): 100% Central share =>GET IBPS AFO BOOKS <=
Q.2) Brix is a measure of
[A] Acidity
[B] Salt concentration
[C] Total Soluble Solids
[D] Sweetness
[E] B and C both
Ans: – [C] Total Soluble Solids
TOTAL SOLUBLE SOLID (TSS) -Measure the sugar content of sugar solutions (honey, juices, syrup) which the sugar is the major component using refractometer -Total soluble solids content of a solution is determined by the index of refraction. This is measured using a refractometer and is referred to as the degrees Brix.
Q.4) The relation between amount of water in a soil and the force with which it is held is expressed by
[A] pF scale
[B] pH scale
[C] Matric potential
[D] Gravitational potential
[E] All of the above
Ans: – [A] pF scale
• The concept of the pF curve for expressing the relation between the amount of water in a soil and the force with which it is held there was introduced by Schofield.
• The free energy is measured in terms of the height of a column of water required to produce the necessary suction or pressure difference at a particular soil moisture level.
• The pF, therefore, represents the logarithm of the height of the water column (cm) to give the necessary suction.
Q.5) The Central Government has sanctioned ______ Agri Export Zones (AEZs) comprising about 40 agricultural commodities.
[A] 20
[B] 40
[C] 60
[D] 70
[E] 123
Ans:- [C] 60
• With the primary objective of boosting agricultural exports from India, in March 2001, Government of India announced a policy of setting up of Agri Export Zones (AEZs) across the country.
• An Agri Export Zone or AEZ is a specific geographic region in a country demarcated for setting up agriculture-based processing industries, mainly for export.
• The Central Government has sanctioned 60 AEZs comprising about 40 agricultural commodities.
• AEZs are spread across 20 states in the country
Q.6) Which of the following vegetable is not correctly matched with its Vegetative prapagule?
[A] Ginger – Rhizome
[B] Garlic–Bulb
[C] Potato – Tuber
[D] Sweet potato – Stolon
[E] None of the above
ANS:- [D] Sweet potato–Stolon
• Sweet potato is cultivated by vegetative propagation. Growers take stem cuttings from the vines, which then root and form new storage roots. In some colder climates, where vines do not develop well, producers will plant roots.
Q.7) According to the RBI, based on the size of the population, a centre, where bank branch is located, the term rural area may be defined as an area with population less than ______
[A] 5000
[B] 10000
[C] 15000
[D] 20000
[E] 50000
ANS: – [B] 10000
Definitions of Rural Area according to different agencies –
· According to NSSO, National Sample Survey Office, the term rural is defined as
1. An area comprising a population density of 400 people per square kilometre.
2. An area with no municipal board but has a clear surveyed boundary.
3. A minimum of 75% of male working population involved in agriculture and allied activities.
According to the Planning Commission, an area with a maximum population of 15,000 is considered rural in nature.
According to the RBI, based on the size of the population, a centre, where bank branch is located, the term rural area may be defined as an area with population less than 10000.
As per the Census 2011, the rural sector means any place which meets the following criteria;
1. A population of less than 5,000
2. Density of population less than 400 per sq km and
3. more than “25 per cent of the male working population” is engaged in agricultural pursuits
Q.8) Saline or Usara soils are infertile and do not support any vegetation growth due to a large proportion of
1. Sodium 2. Potassium 3. Magnesium 4. Calcium 5. Nitrogen
[A] 1 Only
[B] 1 and 2 only
[C] 1, 2 and 3 only
[D] 1, 2, 3 and 4
[E] None of the above
Ans: – [C] 1, 2 and 3 only
• In ancient times, soils used to be classified into two main groups – Urvara and Usara, which were fertile and sterile, respectively. They are also known as Usara soils.
Saline soils contain a larger proportion of sodium, potassium and magnesium, and thus, they are infertile, and do not support any vegetative growth. They have more salts, largely because of dry climate and poor drainage.
They occur in arid and semi-arid regions, and in waterlogged and swampy areas. Their structure ranges from sandy to loamy. They lack in nitrogen and calcium.
Q.9) Floor space requirement for a pregnant cow in a covered area is
[A] 2.0
[B] 3.5
[C] 4.0
[D] 7.0
[E] 8.0
Ans: – [C] 4.0
Q.10) Which of the following crop was not introduced by Portuguese in India?
[A] Sweet Potato
[B] Cauliflower
[C] Chillis
[D] Papaya
[E] Tomato
Ans:- [B] Cauliflower
• Introduction of several crops to India by Portuguese:
• They are potato, Sweet Potato, Arrow Root, Cassava, Tomato, Chillies, Pumpkin, Papaya, Pineapple, Guava, Custard apple, Groundnut, Cashew, Tobacco, American cotton, rubber
• Cauliflower is native to India.
• Bottle gourd, Brinjal, Bitter gourd, Cauliflower are said to be originated in India.
Q.11) Which of the following is major constituent of honey?
[A] Levulose
[B] Dextrose
[C] Sucrose
[D] Lactose
[E] Galactose
Ans:- [A] Levulose
• Composition of fully ripened honey Per cent (Approx.)
• Levulose (Also known as fructose or fruit sugar) – 41.0 %
• Dextrose (Another name of glucose) – 35.0 %
• Sucrose – 1.9 %
• Dextrins – 1.5 %
• Minerals – 2.0 %
• Water – 17.0 %
• Undetermined (Enzymes, Vitamins, Pigments, etc.) – 1.6 %
Q.12) ‘Gucchi’ is common name of
[A] Morchella mushroom
[B] Shitake mushroom
[C] Milky mushroom
[D] Button mushroom
[E] None of the above
Ans:- [A] Morchella mushroom
• Gucchi mushrooms cannot be cultivated commercially and instead they grow wild only in some regions like the Kangara Valley, Jammu and Kashmir, Manali and other parts of Himachal Pradesh after the snowfall period
Q.13) Which of the following refers to certain aspects of theory and practices of raising forests crops methods of raising tree crops, their growth and after care up to the time of final harvesting?
[A] Forestry
[B] Agroforestry
[C] Silviculture
[D] Mensuration
[E] None of the above
Ans:- [C] Silviculture
• Silviculture ·It refers to certain aspects of theory and practices of raising forests crops, methods of raising tree crops, their growth and after care up to the time of final harvesting.
• Silviculture pertains to the raising, development, care, reproduction and overall management of forest crops.
• Silviculture is that branch of forestry which deals with the establishment, development, care and reproduction of stands of timber.
• It is the study of trees and forests and biological entities, the laws of their growth and development, and impact of environment on them
Q.14) What percent of total Indian population live in rural areas?
[A] 46%
[B] 55%
[C] 69%
[D] 79%
[E] 86%
Ans:- [C] 69%
• Rural India has 68.84% or 83.3 crore people, living in 638,365 villages and earn one-third of the national income.
Q.15) Which of the following irrigation pump has highest pumping depth?
[A] Centrifugal pump
[B] Propeller pump
[C] Submersible pump
[D] Jet pump
[E] Reciprocating pump
Ans: – [E] Reciprocating pump
Q.16) In peasant farming, the owner of land is
[A] Farmer
[B] State government
[C] Central government
[D] Corporate
[E] None of the above
Ans:- [A] Farmer
• Peasant Farming:
• Peasant farming is concerned with peasant relation to land. The Zamindari Abolition Act of government has given the right of ownership to practically all the peasant-operators in the country. Peasant farming has given them opportunities to organize and operate their farms in their own way and get due reward for their labour and capital. Besides, peasant farming encourages them to maintain and develop the fertility in the occupation of land with social prestige attached to the ownership.
Q.17) Which of the following crop can be cultivated with least total water requirement?
[A] Ragi
[B] Groundnut
[C] Sorghum
[D] Sunflower
[E] Sesame
Ans: – [E] Sesame
Q.18) According to NABARD’s model bankable projects, floor space requirement for an adult Murrah buffalo is ________ sq ft.
[A] 10
[B] 20
[C] 50
[D] 75
[E] 80
Ans: – [C] 50
• According to NABARD’s model bankable projects,floor space requirement for an adult murrah buffalo is 50 sqft and for murrah calf is 20 sqft.
Q.19) Which of the following is system of training grape vines?
[A] Head system
[B] Kniffin system
[C] Telephonic system
[D] A, B and C all
[E] None of the above
Ans:- [D] A, B and C all
• Training system of grape vines
• Head system- In this system, vines are trained to a wooden stake positioned at each vine. The stake is generally 3 to 4 ft above the soil surface.
• Kniffin system- a system or method of training grapevines whereby a trunk is carried to the upper of two braced
supporting wires along which the annually renewed fruiting canes are tied and from which the bearing branches are allowed to hang down
• Telephonic system- The young vines are supported by wooden sticks. After reaching the height of about 2 metres, the tip is pinched off to encourage side shoots close to the wires.
Two vigorous shoots across wires are selected as primary arms from which six laterals, one on each side along the wires, are allowed to develop as secondary arms.
Q.20) As per 2011 census, how much percentage of the total rural population in India is literate?
[A] 59.8%
[B] 64.5%
[C] 68.9%
[D] 74.0%
[E] 85.0%
Ans:- [C] 68.9%
• According to population census 2011, India’s literacy rate is 74.0%. In rural areas, Out of which rural literacy rate is 68.9% and urban literacy rate is 85%.
Q.21) A starter solution is provided to seedlings at the time of transplanting, particularly for vegetables. Starter solution helps in the rapid establishment and quick growth of seedlings. The NPK ratio of this starter solution should be
[A] 1 : 1 : 1
[B] 1 : 2 : 1 or 1 : 1 : 2
[C] 2 : 1 : 1
[D] 1 : 2 : 1
[E] 1 : 2 : 3
Ans: – [B] 1: 2 : 1 or 1 : 1 : 2
• Starter solutions
• It refers to the application of solution of N, P2O5 and K2O in the ratio of 1:2:1 and 1:1:2 to young plants at the time of transplanting, particularly for vegetables.
• Starter solution helps in rapid establishment and quick growth of seedlings
Q.22) According to which of the following agency India is classified in to 127 Agro climatic zones?
[A] Planning Commission of India
[B] NABARD
[C] ICAR
[D] IMD
[E] ISRO
Ans:- [C] ICAR
• On recommendations of NARP (National Agriculture Research Project) under ICAR in 1979, based on rainfall pattern, cropping pattern and administrative units, 127 ACZs are classified.
• The focus was on analyzing agro-ecological conditions and cropping patterns and come out with a programme directly targeted to solve the major bottle necks of agricultural growth in a zone based on natural resources, major crops, farming systems, production constraints and socio-economic conditions prevalent in that zone. Stress was on technology generation.
Q.23) Allocation of limited resources among various enterprises in the farm with the objective of maximizing farm profit is called
[A] Mixed farming
[B] Farm planning
[C] Farm management
[D] Farm budgeting
[E] None of the above
Ans: – [C] Farm management
• Farm Management:
• Farm management comprises of two words: ‘farm’ and ‘management’. Literally ‘farm’ means a piece of land where crops and livestock enterprises are taken up under a common management and has specific boundaries. ‘Management’ means the act or art managing.
• Farm management is a science of organization and operation of farm with a view to earn continuous profits.
Q.24) Which of the following is not a system of establishing orchards?
[A] Square system
[B] Rectangular system
[C] Circular system
[D] Hexagonal system
[E] Quincunx system
Ans:- [C] Circular system
Systems of planting:
• Square system
• Rectangular system
• Hexagonal / Equilateral triangle system
• Quincunx system/ Diagonal system/ Filter system
• Contour System
• Triangular system
Q.25) Freshwater fishes account for 70% of India’s fish production. Which of the following fishes are example/s of freshwater fishes?
[A] Mahseer
[B] Trout
[C] Carps
[D] Catfish
[E] All of the above
Ans:- [E] All of the above
• Freshwater fishes are those fishes that spend most or all their life in freshwaters such as rivers and lakes, having a salinity of less than 0.5 ppt. Around 40% of all known species of fish are found in freshwater. They may be divided into Coldwater fishes (5– 20 C) like as Mahseeer, Trout etc. and Warmwater fishes (25 – 35 C) such as Carps, Catfish, Snakeheads, Featherbacks etc. Freshwater fisheries ccount for about 70% of India’s fish production of which 65% comes from aquaculture.
Q.26) Medium range forecasts in agriculture ranges from
[A] 1 – 3 days
[B] 3-10 days
[C] 10 – 14 days
[D] 14 – 28 days
[E] 2 – 3 months
Ans:- [B] 3-10 days
Q.27) As per Agriculture Census 2015 – 16, which Indian state has highest number of operational holdings?
[A] Uttar Pradesh
[B] Bihar
[C] Madhya Pradesh
[D] Rajasthan
[E] None of the above
Ans:- [A] Uttar Pradesh
• The data for 2015-16 Agriculture Census reveals that in a total of 146 million operational holdings in the country, the highest number of operational holders belonged to Uttar Pradesh (23.82 million) followed by Bihar (16.41 million), Maharashtra (14.71 million)
Q.28) Floor space requirement for chicks of age 0 to 10 weeks is
[A] 0.5 sq. ft
[B] 0.8 – 1.0 sq ft
[C] 2.0 – 2.5 sq. ft
[D] 1.5 – 2.0 sq. ft
[E] 2.0 – 3.0 sq. ft
Ans:- [B] 0.8 – 1.0 sq ft
Q.29) Which of the following is used as an ethylene absorber in Modified Atmospheric Packing?
[A] Lime
[B] Iron powder
[C] Activated charcoal
[D] Potassium permanganate
[E] None of the above
Ans:- [D] Potassium permanganate
• This is the process or method in which we can change the composition of gas in a container with a fixed gas mixture.
• It is possible to improve gas control in MAP by adding absorbers of ethylene, carbon dioxide and oxygen.
• Oxygen absorber: Iron powder is used commercially as the active ingredient. Ex. FeO2, Fe2O ,Fe3 O4 Carbon dioxide absorber: Lime(freshly hydrated high calcium lime (Ca(OH)2),activated charcoal, magnesium oxide)
• Ethylene absorber: Potassium permanganate, builder clay powder, hydrocarbons, silicones
Q.30) Floor space requirement for broilers of 19 – 42 days age is
[A] 0.60 sq ft
[B] 0.75 sq ft
[C] 1.10 sq ft
[D] 1.25 sq ft
[E] 1.50 sq ft
Ans:- [C] 1.10 sq ft
Q.31) Most plants absorb nitrogen from roots in the form of
[A] Nitrite
[B] Nitrate
[C] Ammonium
[D] Amide
[E] Nitric acid
Ans: – [B] Nitrate
• Plants absorb nitrogen from the soil in the form of nitrate (NO3−) and ammonium (NH4+). In aerobic soils where
nitrification can occur, nitrate is usually the predominant form of available nitrogen that is absorbed.
Q.32) Among the following, which crops are highly salt tolerant?
Date Palm, Ber, Aonla, Guava, Coconut, Mango, Apple, Citrus, Strawberry
[A] Apple, Citrus and Strawberry
[B] Mango and Strawberry
[C] Date palm, Guava, Mango, coconut
[D] Aonla, Ber, Datepalm, Guava, Coconut
[E] Apple, Mango, Guava, Aonla, Ber
Ans:- [D] Aonla, Ber, Datepalm, Guava, Coconut
• Relative salt tolerance
• Highly salt tolerant – Date palm, Ber, Aonla, Guava, Coconut, Turnip, Bittergourd, Lettuce, Asparagus,Palak
• Medium salt tolerant – Pomegranate, Cashewnut, Fig, Jamun, Phalsa, Tomato, Chilli, Watermelon, Cucumber, Summer squash, Cabbage, Broccoli, Onion
• Least salt tolerant – Mango, Apple, Citrus, Pear, Strawberry, Potato, Sweet potato, Brinjal, Radish, Peas
Q.33) The science in forestry dealing with measurement of forest produce such as dimension from volume, age and increment of individual trees is known as
[A] Dendrology
[B] Mensuration
[C] Silviculture
[D] Pollarding
[E] None of the above
Ans: – [B] Mensuration
• Mensuration ·
• It deals with the measurement of forest produce ex. Dimension from volume, age and increment of individual trees and forest crop.
• Forest Mensuration (also called forest measurements) has undergone a number of important changes in recent years
Q.34) Under Prime Ministers Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), for setting up a new micro-enterprise beneficiaries belonging to special categories such as SC/ST/Women /PH/Minorities / Ex-Servicemen/ NER, the margin money subsidy is ______ in rural areas.
[A] 15%
[B] 25%
[C] 35%
[D] 40%
[E] 50%
Ans: – [C] 35%
• Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP)
• ·It is a credit linked subsidy scheme, for setting up of new micro-enterprises and to generate employment opportunities in rural as well as urban areas of the country.
• ·General category beneficiaries can avail of margin money subsidy of 25% of the project cost in rural areas and 15% in urban areas.
• ·For beneficiaries belonging to special categories such as SC/ST/Women/PH/Minorities/ExServicemen/NER, the margi money subsidy is 35% in rural areas and 25% in urban areas.
• ·The maximum cost of projects is Rs.25 lakh in the manufacturing sector and Rs.10 lakh in the service sector.
Q.35) Who is the father/mother of Egg revolution?
[A] Vishal Tiwari
[B] M S Swaminathan
[C] Indra Gandhi
[D] Dr. Verghese Kurien
[E] None of the above
Ans:- [C] Indra Gandhi
Q.36) Carburetor is a part of
[A] Gas engine
[B] Petrol engine
[C] Steam engine
[D] Diesel engine
[E] None of the above
Ans: – [B] Petrol engine
• A carburetor is a device which helps in mixing fuel and air together for facilitating internal combustion inside an internal combustion engine.
• In petrol engine combustion takes place when a mixture of air and fuel gets spark from spark plug (spark initiates fuel burning). Hence a petrol engine is also known as spark ignition engine, since a spark is used to burn a mixture of air and petrol (or gasoline)
Q.37) A system in which various trees and shrubs preferred by fish are planted on the boundary and around fish-ponds. Tree leaves are used as forage for fish. This type of agroforestry system is known as
[A] Taungya system
[B] Shelter belts
[C] Woody Hedgerows
[D] Aquaforestry
[E] None of the above
Ans:- [D] Aquaforestry
• Aquaforestry: In this system various trees and shrubs preferred by fish are planted on the boundary and around fish-ponds.
Tree leaves are used as forage for fish. The main or primary role of this system is fish production and bund stabilization around fishponds.
• Woody Hedgerows: In this system various woody hedges especially fast-growing and coppicing fodder shrubs and trees, are planted for the purpose of browse, mulch, green manure, soil conservation etc. The main aim of this system is production of food/fodder/fuel wood and soil conservation.
• Shelter belts – Rows of trees established at right angles to the prevailing wind direction.
• Taungya system – The taungya system is defined as a method of establishing a forest crop in temporary association with agricultural crops. It is a method of raising forest plantations in which cultivators are allowed to raise agricultural crops for initial periods of a few years and in return they are made to raise forest plantations.
Q.38) The temperature at which the plant cell gets killed when the temperature ranges from 50-60°C is known as
[A] Sun clad
[B] Stem griddle
[C] Thermal death point
[D] Heaving
[E] Solar constant
Ans: – [C] Thermal death point
• ‘Thermal death point” – the temperature at which the plant cell gets killed when the temperature ranges from 50- 60°C.
• This varies with plant species.
• The aquatic and shade loving plants are killed at comparatively lower temperature (40°C).
Q.39) Which of the following convention is related to reduction in emission of greenhouse gases?
[A] Kyoto
[B] Ramsar
[C] Stockholm
[D] Bonn
[E] Vienna
Ans: – [A] Kyoto
• · The Kyoto Protocol was adopted at the third session of the Conference of Parties to the UNFCCC (COP 3) in 1997 in Kyoto, Japan and entered into force on 16 February 2005.
• · Ramsar Convention is called the Convention on Wetlands. It was adopted in the city of Iran, Ramsar in 1971. It came into force in 1975.
• ·Stockholm convention is related to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). It was adopted in 2001 in Geneva, Switzerland. It came into force in 2004.
• ·Bonn convention is a Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals. It was adopted in 1979. It came into force in 1983.
• ·Vienna convention is a convention for the Protection of Ozone Layer. It was adopted in 1985. It came into force in 1988
Q.40) Inarching is a type of
[A] Approach grafting
[B] Veneer grafting
[C] Wedge grafting
[D] Softwood grafting
[E] Bridge grafting
Ans:- [A] Approach grafting
• Inarching is a kind of approach grafting. One-year-old twigs of the scion tree about 60 cm in length and nearly of the same thickness as that of the stock is chosen for grafting. A thin slice of bark and wood (flat, clean, boat shaped, even and smooth), is removed from the stem of the stock as well as from the scion branch. The cut surfaces of both, i.e., stock and scion are made to coincide facing each other so that there remains no hollow space between the two. After about one month of operation, the scion below the graft union and stock above the graft union should be given light “V” shape cuts at weekly interval in such a way that the grafts can finally be detached while giving the fourth cut.
Q.41) National Policy for Farmers was implemented in the year _________
[A] 1965
[B] 1992
[C] 2000
[D] 2007
[E] 2019
Ans:- [D] 2007
• National Policy For Farmers (NPF) 2007:
• Government of India has approved the National Policy for Farmers, 2007 taking into account the recommendations of the National Commission on Farmers and after consulting the State Governments.
• The National Policy for Farmers, among other things, has provided for a holistic approach to development of the farm sector. The focus will be on the economic well being of the farmers in addition to improved production and productivity.
Q.42) On a 20-acre farming a year, if crops are raised on 20 acres area in Kharif season, 15 acres in rabi season and 15 acres in Zaid season, what shall be the cropping intensity of the field?
[A] 100%
[B] 150%
[C] 200%
[D] 250%
[E] 300%
Ans: – [D] 250%
Cropping Intensity = Gross cropped area/Net sown area x 100
= (20 + 15 + 15) /20 x 100
= 250%
Q.43) Floor space requirement for full grown layer poultry of 18 – 72 weeks age in deep litter system is _______sq ft.
[A] 0.60
[B] 0.75
[C] 1.1
[D] 1.25
[E] 1.50
Ans:- [E] 1.50
Q.44) Yield advantage in an intercropping system occurs due to the development of
[A] Competitive relationship
[B] Spatial complementarity
[C] Temporal complementarity
[D] B and C both
[E] None of the above
Ans:- [D] B and C both
The complimentary interaction between intercrops in the intercropping system is known as Annidation.
• (a) Spatial Annidation (Annidation in Space): Here the complimentary interactions between the intercrops occur with regard to spatial position (space/place). This principle is used in Multistorey cropping. The component species occupy different vertical layers by spreading out their canopies or roots either in air or in soil.
• (b) Temporal Annidation (Annidation in Time): The complimentary interaction between the intercrops in the time aspect is called Temporal Annidation. Such intercrops have different natural habit and zero competition. Both the component species have widely varying duration and different peak demands for light and nutrients,
• Thus, competition between the intercrops is reduced.
Q.45) Which of the following is referred as ‘Panchayat of Panchayats’?
[A] State government
[B] Central government
[C] Gram panchayat
[D] Block samiti
[E] Zila parishad
Ans:- [D] Block samiti
• · In a 3 tier panchayati raj system, Gram panchayat work at village level, block samiti/panchayat samiti at block level and Zila parishad at district level.
• · Village panchayat to be directly elected whereas the panchayat samiti and the zila parishad should be indirectly elected.
• · Panchayat samiti to be the executive body while the Zila parishad to be advisory, coordinating and supervising body.
• · Since block samiti works over village panchayat and elected by members of village panchayat. It is known as Panchayat of Panchayats.
Q.46) Which of the following is an example of Integrated Farming System?
[A] Intercropping
[B] Mixed cropping
[C] Multiple cropping
[D] Crops with dairy
[E] None of the above
Ans: – [D] Crops with dairy
• Integrated Farming System –
• an interdependent, interrelated often interlocking production systems based on few crops, animals and related subsidiary enterprises in such a way that maximize the utilization of nutrients of each system and minimize the negative effect of these enterprises on environment
Q.47) In case of organic conversion, if no prohibited chemical is used since last three years, duration of conversion period can be reduced to
[A] 12 months
[B] 18 months
[C] 24 months
[D] 36 months
[E] 48 months
Ans:- [A] 12 months
• For newly acquired fields or fields managed conventionally, the conversion period shall be not less than 24 months in case of seasonal and annual crops while it shall be not less than 36 months in case of perennial and permanent crops from the last date of use of prohibited inputs or from the date of taking the pledge, whichever is later.
• Duration of conversion period can be reduced to 12 months if no prohibited substances have been used since last three years.
• Conversion period for animal products shall be not less than 12 months provided they are fed with fully organic feed and fodder and all the members of group are satisfied that the standard requirements have been met since last 12 months.
Q.48) Cultivation of crops in areas where average annual rainfall is _____is known as dryland farming
[A] less than 500 mm
[B] less than 750 mm
[C] 750 to 1150 mm
[D] More than 1150 mm
[E] None of the above
Ans:- [C] 750 to 1150 mm
• Dry farming – Cultivation of crops in areas where average annual rainfall is less than 750 mm. Crop growing
season is less than 75 days
• Dryland farming – Cultivation of crops in areas where average annual rainfall is 750 – 1150 mm. Crop growing
season is less than 75 – 120 days
• Rainfed farming – Cultivation of crops in areas where average annual rainfall is more than more than 1150 mm.
Crop growing season is more than 120 days
Q.49) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) came into existence on the recommendation of
[A] R. G. Saraiyya Committee
[B] D. R. Gadgil Committee
[C] B. Sivaraman Committee
[D] Vaikunt Lal Committee
[E] Ashok Dalwai Committee
Ans:- [C] B. Sivaraman Committee
• National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) came into existence at the recommendation of B. Sivaraman Committee.
• It was approved by the Parliament through Act 61 of 1981 and came into existence in 1982 by transferring the agricultural credit functions of RBI and refinance functions of the then Agricultural Refinance and Development Corporation (ARDC)
Q.50) One of the methods of preservation by freezing in which freezing is done at a very low temperature (below – 60 °C) using liquid Nitrogen and liquid Carbon di Oxide.
[A] Sharp freezing
[B] Quick freezing
[C] Cryogenic freezing
[D] Dehydro freezing
[E] Freeze drying
Ans:- [C] Cryogenic freezing
• Cryogenic freezing · Although most foods retain their quality when quick frozen by the above methods, a few require ultrafast freezing.
• Such materials are subjected to cryogenic freezing which is defined as freezing at very low temperature (below –60oC). The refrigerant used at present in cryogenic freeing are liquid nitrogen and liquid CO2
Q.51) In which of the following ways, the use of excessive nitrogenous fertilizers affects Indian Agriculture?
[A] Eutrophication and pollution in ground water resources
[B] Plants are more prone to insect pest and diseases
[C] Leaching of nitrate and loss of fertilizer
[D] Increase in the acidity of soil can take place
[E] All of the above
Ans:- [E] All of the above
• Excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers results in soil acidity. Nitrogen fertilizers break down into nitrates and since it is water soluble travels easily through soil into ground water resources cause loss of fertilizer and also pollute them. Excessive nitrogen increases water content and make plants succulent which are then prone to insect -pest and diseases.
Q.52) Ratna, Jaya, Triveni, Mandya and Aishwarya are famous varieties of _____ in India
[A] Wheat
[B] Rice
[C] Maize
[D] Barley
[E] Sorghum
Ans:- [B] Rice
• Famous varieties of rice in India: Ratna, Jaya, Rasi, Triveni, Mandya, Swarnapraba, Red Annapoorna, Aishwarya, Basmati.
Q.53) The first NABARD All India Rural Financial Inclusion Survey (NAFIS) released in 2018 shows that average agriculture household income in 2016 – 17 was Rs._____per month.
[A] 2505
[B] 5500
[C] 8931
[D] 7269
[E] 9890
Ans:- [C] 8931
• ·The NABARD All India Rural Financial Inclusion Survey (NAFIS) shows that average agriculture household income was a mere Rs 8,931 per month in 2016-17. Apart from a paltry income, farmers are facing rising indebtedness, lesser financial inclusion, and absence of insurance facility, according to the report.
• ·The survey also estimates income of non-agri rural households (HH) at Rs 7,269/month, more than half of which comes from working as wage labourers.
• ·In the past four years, the income of a farm household has increased by just Rs 2,505/month. This is calculated by comparing the NABARD report with a 2012-13 study by the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO), another government body that estimated the average monthly income of farm household at Rs 6,426. However, this income would actually be lesser if food inflation is included.
Q.54) Cage system of poultry rearing is also considered as super intensive system providing floor space area of _____ per bird.
[A] 0.6 – 0.75 sq. feet
[B] 0.75 – 1.0 sq. feet
[C] 1.0 – 1.25 sq. feet
[D] 1.25 – 1.50 sq. feet
[E] None of the above
Ans:- [A] 0.6 – 0.75 sq. feet
• · The cage system of rearing birds has been considered as a super intensive system providing floor area of 450-525 sq.cm (0.6-0.75 sq. feet) per bird.
• · In cage the birds are kept in one, two or three per cage, arranged in single or double or triple rows.
• · This system involves rearing of poultry on raised wire netting floor in smaller compartments, called cages, either fitted with stands on floor of house or hanged from the roof
Q.55) Amrapali and Mallika are two hybrids from same parents by reciprocal crosses. Parents for these hybrids are
[A] Neelam and Alphonso
[B] Neelam and Dashehari
[C] Ratna and Alphonso
[D] Rumani and Neelam
[E] None of the above
Ans: – [B] Neelam and Dashehari
Mango hybrids:
1. Amrapali – Dashehari x Neelam
2. Mallika – Neelam x Dashehari
3. Arka Puneet – Alphonso x Banganpalli
4. Arka Anmol – Alphonso x Banganpalli
5. Arka Neelkiran – Alphonso x Neelam
6. Ratna – Neelam x Alphonso
7. Sindhu – Ratna x Alphonso
8. Manjeera – Rumani x Neelam
Q.56) As per FAO, In fresh water prawn culture temperature of water should be ___°C
[A] 10 – 12
[B] 14 – 16
[C] 18 – 21
[D] 24 – 28
[E] 28 – 31
Ans:- [E] 28 – 31
Q.57) Rice crop is ready to harvest when
[A] 20% panicles turn straw colour
[B] 25% panicles turn straw colour
[C] 50% panicles turn straw colour
[D] 80% panicles turn straw colour
[E] 100% panicles turn straw colour
Ans:- [D] 80% panicles turn straw colour
• When 80% of the panicles turn straw colour, the crop is ready for harvest. Even at this stage, the leaves of some of the varieties may remain green.
• Confirm maturity by selecting the most mature tiller and de husk a few grains. If the rice is clear and firm, it is in hard dough stage.
• When most of the grains at the base of the panicle in the selected tiller are in a hard dough stage, the crop is ready for harvest. At this stage harvest the crop, thresh and winnow the grains.
Q.58) Granulation is a serious physiological disorder of citrus crops. It occurs due to
[A] High temperature and Relative humidity
[B] Deficiency of copper
[C] Molybdenum deficiency
[D] Copper deficiency
[E] Low temperature and Relative Humidity
Ans:- [A] High temperature and Relative humidity
• Problems in citrus crops
• Fruit Cracking: It is due to sudden changes in temperature and also due to moisture stress condition.
• Granulation: The juice vesicles become hard, enlarged and turn opaque grayish in colour. This is due to high temperature and RH and spray of lime can be done as a safety measure.
• Sunburn or sunscald: The portion that is exposed to sun develops yellow patches which turn brown
• Citrus Decline: Citrus Die back due to copper deficiency
• Little Leaf & Exanthema: Due to copper deficiency
• Citrus gummosis is caused by a Phytopthera fungus. Infection may occur from soil or nursery plants due to extended periods of moist and wet conditions. This disease is commonly seen in mandarin, sweet orange, lemons and other citrus fruits. Gummosis is one of the main diseases that contribute to for citrus decline.
Q.59) Which of the following is an opaque 2 composite variety of Maize ?
[A] Ganga
[B] Shakti
[C] Amber
[D] Vikram
[E] Sona
Ans:- [B] Shakti
• The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth’s surface. When the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and reradiated by greenhouse gases.
• Greenhouse gases include water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone and some artificial chemicals such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
• The process is called the greenhouse effect because the exchange of incoming and outgoing radiation that warms the planet works in a similar way to a greenhouse.
Q.60) Spacing of 40 – 45 cm between rows and 10 -15 cm within rows is followed in Bajra. When dibbling method is applied for sowing, seed rate required is
[A] 2.5 – 3 kg/ha
[B] 4 – 5 kg/ha
[C] 8 – 10 kg/ha
[D] 12 – 15 kg/ha
[E] 25 – 30 kg/ha
Ans:- [A] 2.5 – 3 kg/ha
• Seed rate of Bajra :-
• 4-5 kg/ha for drilling method
• 2.5-3 kg/ha for dibbling method
• Spacing
• 40 –45 cm between rows, 10 –15 cm within rows.
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